Coated cutting tool

ABSTRACT

A coated cutting tool comprising a substrate and a coating layer formed on a surface of the substrate, the coating layer including at least one α-type aluminum oxide layer, wherein, in the α-type aluminum oxide layer, a texture coefficient TC (2,1,10) of a (2,1,10) plane is 1.4 or more. 
                     TC   ⁡     (     2   ,   1   ,   10     )       =         I   ⁡     (     2   ,   1   ,   10     )           I   0     ⁡     (     2   ,   1   ,   10     )         ⁢           ⁢       {       1   8     ⁢     ∑       I   ⁡     (     h   ,   k   ,   l     )           I   0     ⁡     (     h   ,   k   ,   l     )             }       -   1                 (   1   )               
(In formula (1), I (h,k,l) denotes a peak intensity for an (h,k,l) plane in X-ray diffraction of the α-type aluminum oxide layer, I 0  (h,k,l) denotes a standard diffraction intensity for an (h,k,l) plane which is indicated on a JCPDS Card No. 10-0173 for α-type aluminum oxide, and (h,k,l) refers to eight crystal planes of (0,1,2), (1,0,4), (1,1,0), (1,1,3), (0,2,4), (1,1,6), (2,1,4) and (2,1,10).)

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.15/797,598 filed Oct. 30, 2017, which claims benefit of priority toJapanese Patent Application No. 2016-215100 filed Nov. 2, 2016, theentire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a coated cutting tool.

BACKGROUND ART

It has been conventionally well known to employ, for the cutting ofsteel, cast iron, etc., a coated cutting tool which is obtained bydepositing, via chemical vapor deposition, a coating layer with a totalthickness of from 3 μm or more to 20 μm or less on a surface of asubstrate consisting of a cemented carbide. A known example of the abovecoating layer is a coating layer consisting of a single layer of onekind selected from the group consisting of a Ti carbide, a Ti nitride, aTi carbonitride, a Ti carbonate, a Ti carboxynitride, and aluminumoxide, or consisting of multiple layers of two or more kinds selectedtherefrom.

As to techniques for improving the fracture resistance of a coatedcutting tool, JPH09-507528 T discloses that wear and toughnessproperties are enhanced by controlling the particle size and thicknessof an aluminum oxide layer and also by setting a texture coefficient ofa (104) plane so as to be greater than 1.5.

JP5902865 B discloses a coating tool in which at least a titaniumcarbonitride layer and an aluminum oxide layer having an α-typecrystalline structure are located, on a substrate surface, in order fromthe substrate side, wherein, in X-ray diffraction analysis of analuminum oxide layer, with regard to a texture coefficient (116)represented by Tc (hkl) of the aluminum oxide layer, a surface-side Tc(116) in a surface-side peak is greater than a substrate-side Tc (116)in a substrate-side peak, where the substrate side Tc (116) is from 0.3or more to 0.7 or less.

SUMMARY Technical Problem

An increase in speed, feed and depth of cut have become more conspicuousin cutting in recent times, and the thermal shock resistance of a toolis required to be further improved compared to that involved in theprior art. In particular, in recent times, when using coolant inhigh-speed cutting of steel, the cutting temperature rapidly varies.Under such severe cutting conditions, a conventional cutting tool islikely to involve the occurrence of cracking in a coating layer thereof.This triggers a problem in that fracturing of a coating cutting tooldoes not allow the tool life to be extended.

Based on such background, when only the crystal orientation of an α-typealuminum oxide layer is controlled to achieve preferential orientationof a (104) plane or a (116) plane, as in the tools disclosed inJPH09-507528 T and JP5902865 B mentioned above, sufficient thermal shockresistance cannot be achieved under cutting conditions which place alarge load on a coated cutting tool.

The present invention has been made in order to solve this problem, andan object of the present invention is to provide a coated cutting toolwhich has excellent wear resistance and thermal shock resistance andthereby allows the tool life to be extended.

Solution to Problem

The present inventor has conducted studies regarding extending the toollife of a coated cutting tool from the above-described perspective andhas then found that the following configurations, including optimizingthe crystal orientation in a predetermined plane of an α-type aluminumoxide layer, allow the wear resistance to be improved as the progress ofchemical reaction wear is suppressed, and also allow the thermal shockresistance to be improved, and found that, as a result, the tool life ofthe coated cutting tool can be extended, and this has led to thecompletion of the present invention.

Namely, the present invention is as set forth below:

(1) A coated cutting tool comprising a substrate and a coating layerformed on a surface of the substrate, the coating layer including atleast one α-type aluminum oxide layer, wherein, in the α-type aluminumoxide layer, a texture coefficient TC (2,1,10) of a (2,1,10) planerepresented by formula (1) below is 1.4 or more.

$\begin{matrix}{{{TC}( {2,1,10} )} = {\frac{I( {2,1,10} )}{I_{0}( {2,1,10} )}\;\{ {\frac{1}{8}{\sum\frac{I( {h,k,l} )}{I_{0}( {h,k,l} )}}} \}^{- 1}}} & (1)\end{matrix}$(In formula (1), I (h,k,l) denotes a peak intensity for an (h,k,l) planein X-ray diffraction of the α-type aluminum oxide layer, I₀ (h,k,l)denotes a standard diffraction intensity for an (h,k,l) plane which isindicated on a JCPDS Card No. 10-0173 for α-type aluminum oxide, and(h,k,l) refers to eight crystal planes of (0,1,2), (1,0,4), (1,1,0),(1,1,3), (0,2,4), (1,1,6), (2,1,4) and (2,1,10).)

(2) The coated cutting tool of (1), wherein, in the α-type aluminumoxide layer, the texture coefficient TC (2,1,10) is from 2.0 or more to6.9 or less.

(3) The coated cutting tool of (1) or (2), wherein a residual stressvalue in a (1,1,6) plane of the α-type aluminum oxide layer is, in atleast part thereof, from −300 MPa or higher to 300 MPa or lower.

(4) The coated cutting tool of any one of (1) to (3), wherein an averagethickness of the α-type aluminum oxide layer is from 1.0 μm or more to15.0 μm or less.

(5) The coated cutting tool of any one of (1) to (4), wherein thecoating layer comprises a TiCN layer between the substrate and theα-type aluminum oxide layer, and an average particle size of the TiCNlayer is from 0.3 μm or more to 1.5 μm or less.

(6) The coated cutting tool of (5), wherein the coating layer comprises,between the TiCN layer and the α-type aluminum oxide layer, anintermediate layer comprised of a compound of at least one kind selectedfrom the group consisting of a Ti carbonate, a Ti oxynitride and a Ticarboxynitride.

(7) The coated cutting tool of (5) or (6), wherein an average thicknessof the TiCN layer is from 2.0 μm or more to 20.0 μm or less.

(8) The coated cutting tool of any one of (1) to (7), wherein an averagethickness of the coating layer is from 3.0 μm or more to 30.0 μm orless.

(9) The coated cutting tool of any one of (1) to (8), wherein thecoating layer comprises a TiN layer as an outermost layer on a sideopposite to the substrate.

(10) The coated cutting tool of any one of (1) to (9), wherein thesubstrate is comprised of any of a cemented carbide, cermet, ceramicsand a sintered body containing cubic boron nitride.

The present invention can provide a coated cutting tool which hasexcellent wear resistance and thermal shock resistance and therebyallows the tool life to be extended.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

An embodiment for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter simplyreferred to as the “present embodiment”) will hereinafter be describedin detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the presentembodiment below. Various modifications may be made to the presentinvention without departing from the gist of the invention.

A coated cutting tool according to the present embodiment comprises asubstrate and a coating layer formed on a surface of the substrate.Specific examples of types of the coated cutting tool include anindexable cutting insert for milling or turning, a drill and an endmill.

The substrate in the present embodiment is not particularly limited, aslong as it may be used as a substrate for the coated cutting tool.Examples of such substrate include a cemented carbide, cermet, ceramic,a sintered body containing cubic boron nitride, a diamond sintered bodyand high-speed steel. From among the above examples, the substrate ispreferably comprised of any of a cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics anda sintered body containing cubic boron nitride, as this providesexcellent wear resistance and fracture resistance, and, from the sameperspective, the substrate is more preferably comprised of a cementedcarbide.

It should be noted that the surface of the substrate may be modified.For instance, when the substrate is comprised of a cemented carbide, aβ-free layer may be formed on the surface thereof, and when thesubstrate is comprised of cermet, a hardened layer may be formed on thesurface thereof. The operation and effects of the present invention arestill provided, even if the substrate surface has been modified in thisway.

As to the coating layer in the present embodiment, the average thicknessthereof is preferably from 3.0 μm or more to 30.0 μm or less. If theaverage thickness is 3.0 μm or more, this indicates the tendency of thewear resistance to be further improved, and if such average thickness is30.0 μm or less, this indicates the tendency of the adhesion with thesubstrate of the coating layer and the fracture resistance to be furtherincreased. From the same perspective, the average thickness of thecoating layer is more preferably from 5.0 μm or more to 27.0 μm or less.It should be noted that, as to the average thickness of each layer andthe average thickness of the entire coating layer in the coated cuttingtool of the present embodiment, each of such average thicknesses can beobtained by: measuring the thickness of each layer or the thickness ofthe entire coating layer from each of the cross-sectional surfaces atthree or more locations in each layer or in the entire coating layer;and calculating the arithmetic mean of the resulting measurements.

The coating layer in the present embodiment includes at least one α-typealuminum oxide layer. In the α-type aluminum oxide layer, a texturecoefficient TC (2,1,10) of a (2,1,10) plane represented by formula (1)below is 1.4 or more. When the texture coefficient TC (2,1,10) is 1.4 ormore, the ratio of a peak intensity I (2,1,10) for the (2,1,10) plane ishigh, resulting in excellent thermal shock resistance. From the sameperspective, the texture coefficient TC (2,1,10) in the α-type aluminumoxide layer is preferably 1.5 or more, is more preferably 2.0 or more,is further preferably 3.0 or more, and is particularly preferably 4.0 ormore. Further, the texture coefficient TC (2,1,10) is preferably 6.9 orless.

$\begin{matrix}{{{TC}( {2,1,10} )} = {\frac{I( {2,1,10} )}{I_{0}( {2,1,10} )}\;\{ {\frac{1}{8}{\sum\frac{I( {h,k,l} )}{I_{0}( {h,k,l} )}}} \}^{- 1}}} & (1)\end{matrix}$

Herein, in formula (1), I (h,k,l) denotes a peak intensity for an(h,k,l) plane in X-ray diffraction of the α-type aluminum oxide layer,I₀ (h,k,l) denotes a standard diffraction intensity for the (h,k,l)plane which is indicated on a JCPDS Card No. 10-0173 for α-type aluminumoxide, and (h,k,l) refers to eight crystal planes of (0,1,2), (1,0,4),(1,1,0), (1,1,3), (0,2,4), (1,1,6), (2,1,4) and (2,1,10). Accordingly, I(2,1,10) denotes a peak intensity for the (2,1,10) plane in X-raydiffraction of the α-type aluminum oxide layer, and I₀ (2,1,10) denotesa standard diffraction intensity for the (2,1,10) plane which isindicated on a JCPDS Card No. 10-0173 for α-type aluminum oxide. Itshould be noted that the standard diffraction intensities for therespective crystal planes are 75.0 for a (0,1,2) plane, 90.0 for a(1,0,4) plane, 40.0 for a (1,1,0) plane, 100.0 for a (1,1,3) plane, 45.0for a (0,2,4) plane, 80.0 for a (1,1,6) plane, 30.0 for a (2,1,4) planeand 12.0 for a (2,1,10) plane. In the present embodiment, if the texturecoefficient TC (2,1,10) is 1.4 or more, this indicates the tendency ofthe α-type aluminum oxide layer to have preferential orientation of the(2,1,10) plane. In particular, if the texture coefficient TC (2,1,10) is4.0 or more, the texture coefficient of the (2,1,10) plane is greaterthan the TC of any of the other crystal planes in light of the pointthat the total of the TCs of the respective crystal planes is 8.0 ormore. In other words, if the texture coefficient TC (2,1,10) is 4.0 ormore, the α-type aluminum oxide layer has the most preferentialorientation of the (2,1,10) plane. In light of the above, the coatedcutting tool of the present embodiment brings about the suppression ofthe progress of chemical reaction wear and the enhancement of wearresistance and further brings about the enhancement of thermal shockresistance, and, as a result, the tool life of the coated cutting toolcan be extended.

The average thickness of the α-type aluminum oxide layer of the presentembodiment is preferably from 1.0 μm or more to 15.0 μm or less. If theaverage thickness of the α-type aluminum oxide layer is 1.0 μm or more,this indicates the tendency of the crater wear resistance in the rakesurface of the coated cutting tool to be further improved, and if suchaverage thickness is 15.0 μm or less, this indicates the tendency of thefracture resistance of the coated cutting tool to be further improved asthe peeling of the coating layer is further suppressed. From the sameperspective, the average thickness of the α-type aluminum oxide layer ispreferably from 1.5 μm or more to 12.0 μm or less, and is furtherpreferably from 3.0 μm or more to 10.0 μm or less.

In the present embodiment, the residual stress value in a (1,1,6) planeof the α-type aluminum oxide layer is, at least in part thereof,preferably from −300 MPa or higher to 300 MPa or lower. If the residualstress value is −300 MPa or higher, this indicates the tendency of thewear resistance to be improved because the progress of wear—which startsfrom the time when particles fall off from the α-type aluminum oxidelayer—can be further suppressed. Further, if the residual stress valueis 300 MPa or lower, this indicates the tendency of the fractureresistance of the coated cutting tool to be further improved because thegeneration of cracking in the α-type aluminum oxide layer can be furthersuppressed. From the same perspective, the residual stress value in the(1,1,6) plane of the α-type aluminum oxide layer is more preferably from−250 MPa or higher to 250 MPa or lower.

Herein, the term “at least in part thereof” indicates that, it is notnecessary to satisfy, in the entire α-type aluminum oxide layer, theabove residual stress value range in the (1,1,6) plane of the α-typealuminum oxide layer, and such term also indicates that it is onlyrequired to satisfy the above residual stress value range in the (1,1,6)plane of the α-type aluminum oxide layer in a specific area such as arake surface.

The residual stress value of the α-type aluminum oxide layer can bemeasured by a sin²φ method using an X-ray stress measuring apparatus. Itis preferable to measure, via the sin²φ method, the residual stresses atany three points included in the coating layer and to obtain thearithmetic mean of the residual stresses at such three points. Any threepoints, serving as measurement locations, in the α-type aluminum oxidelayer are preferably selected in such a way as to be 0.1 mm or moreapart from one another.

In order to measure the residual stress value in the (1,1,6) plane ofthe α-type aluminum oxide layer, the (1,1,6) plane of the α-typealuminum oxide layer which serves as a measurement subject is selectedfor measurement. More specifically, a sample in which an α-type aluminumoxide layer is formed is subjected to analysis with an X-raydiffractometer. Then, an examination is conducted regarding variationsin the diffraction angle of the (1,1,6) plane when a change is made toan angle φ formed by a sample plane normal and a lattice plane normal.

The α-type aluminum oxide layer is a layer comprised of α-type aluminumoxide. However, such α-type aluminum oxide layer may contain a verysmall amount of components other than α-type aluminum oxide, as long asit comprises the configuration of the present embodiment and providesthe operation and effects of the present invention.

The coating layer of the present embodiment preferably comprises a TiCNlayer between the substrate and the α-type aluminum oxide layer, as thisimproves wear resistance. The average particle size of the TiCN layer ispreferably from 0.3 μm or more to 1.5 μm or less. This is preferable inthat: if the average particle size of the TiCN layer is 0.3 μm or more,the fracture resistance is further enhanced; and, if such averageparticle size is 1.5 μm or less, the wear resistance is further improvedbecause the progress of wear due to the falling of particles issuppressed. Further, the average particle size of the TiCN layer ispreferably from 0.3 μm or more to 1.5 μm or less, because this indicatesthe tendency of the texture coefficient (2,1,10) in the α-type aluminumoxide layer to have a greater value. From the same perspective, theaverage particle size of the TiCN layer is more preferably from 0.4 μmor more to 1.3 μm or less.

The average particle size of the TiCN layer can be obtained by observinga cross-sectional structure of the TiCN layer using a commerciallyavailable electron backscatter diffraction pattern apparatus (EBSD)attached to a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) or toa transmission electron microscope (TEM). More specifically, mirrorpolishing is performed on a cross-section in a direction parallel orsubstantially parallel to a surface of the substrate of the coatedcutting tool, and the resulting mirror-polished surface is regarded as across-sectional structure. Examples of a method of mirror-polishing aTiCN layer include: a polishing method with the use of diamond paste orcolloidal silica; and ion milling. A sample of a coated cutting tool isset on an FE-SEM such that a cross-sectional structure of a TiCN layercan be irradiated with an electron beam, and the sample is thenirradiated with an electron beam under the conditions of an angle ofincidence of 70 degrees, an acceleration voltage of 15 kV, and anirradiation current of 0.5 nA. Measurement is desirably performed underthe EBSD settings of a measurement range of 30 μm×50 μm and a step sizeof 0.1 μm. A particle is defined as an area surrounded by a structureboundary with a misorientation of 5 degrees or more. The diameter of acircle whose area is equal to the area of a particle is regarded as aparticle size of such particle. Image analysis software may be used whenobtaining a particle size of the cross-sectional structure of the TiCNlayer. The particle sizes in the TiCN layer are measured with regard toa range of 30 μm×50 μm, and the average value (arithmetic mean) of allthe obtained particle sizes is regarded as an average particle size.

The average thickness of the TiCN layer of the present embodiment ispreferably from 2.0 μm or more to 20.0 μm or less. If the averagethickness of the TiCN layer is 2.0 μm or more, this indicates thetendency of the wear resistance of the coated cutting tool to be furtherimproved, and, if such average thickness is 20.0 μm or less, thisindicates the tendency of the fracture resistance of the coated cuttingtool to be further improved as the peeling of the coating layer isfurther suppressed. From the same perspective, the average thickness ofthe TiCN layer is more preferably from 5.0 μm or more to 15.0 μm orless.

The TiCN layer is a layer comprised of TiCN. However, such TiCN layermay contain a very small amount of components other than TiCN, as longas it comprises the above-described configuration and provides theoperation and effects of the TiCN layer.

The coating layer of the present embodiment preferably includes, betweenthe TiCN layer and the α-type aluminum oxide layer, an intermediatelayer comprised of a compound of at least one kind selected from thegroup consisting of a Ti carbonate, a Ti oxynitride and a Ticarboxynitride as the adhesion is further improved. The averagethickness of such intermediate layer is preferably from 0.2 μm or moreto 1.5 μm or less. This is preferable in that: if the average thicknessof the intermediate layer is 0.2 μm or more, this indicates the tendencyof the adhesion to be further improved; and, if such average thicknessis 1.5 μm or less, this indicates the tendency of the texturecoefficient TC (2,1,10) of the (2,1,10) plane in the α-type aluminumoxide layer to have a greater value.

The intermediate layer is a layer comprised of a compound of at leastone kind selected from the group consisting of a Ti carbonate, a Tioxynitride and a Ti carboxynitride. However, such intermediate layer maycontain a very small amount of components other than the above compound,as long as it comprises the above-described configuration and providesthe operation and effects of the intermediate layer.

The coating layer of the present embodiment preferably comprises a TiNlayer as an outermost layer on a side opposite to the substrate as thismakes it possible to confirm the usage state, such as whether or not thecoated cutting tool has been used, thereby leading to excellentvisibility. The average thickness of the TiN layer is preferably from0.2 μm or more to 1.0 μm or less. This is preferable in that: if theaverage thickness of the TiN layer is 0.2 μm or more, this provides theeffect of further suppressing the falling of particles from the α-typealuminum oxide layer; and, if such average thickness is 1.0 μm or less,the fracture resistance of the coated cutting tool is improved.

The coating layer of the present embodiment preferably comprises,between the substrate and the TiCN layer, a TiN layer serving as alowermost layer in the coating layer, as this leads to adhesion beingimproved. The average thickness of this TiN layer is preferably from 0.1μm or more to 0.5 μm or less. If the average thickness of the TiN layeris 0.1 μm or more, this indicates the tendency of the adhesion to befurther improved as the TiN layer has a more uniform structure.Meanwhile, if the average thickness of the TiN layer is 0.5 μm or less,this indicates the tendency of the fracture resistance to be furtherenhanced as the TiN layer, being the lowermost layer, is furtherprevented from serving as a starting point of peeling.

The TiN layers respectively serving as the outermost layer and thelowermost layer are each a layer comprised of TiN. However, such TiNlayers may each contain a very small amount of components other thanTiN, as long as they respectively comprise the above-describedconfigurations and provide the operation and effects of the outermostlayer and the lowermost layer.

Examples of a method of forming layers that constitute a coating layerin a coated cutting tool according to the present invention include themethod set forth below. However, such method of forming layers is notlimited thereto.

For instance, a TiN layer can be formed by chemical vapor depositionwith a raw material gas composition of TiCl₄: from 5.0 mol % or more to10.0 mol % or less, N₂: from 20 mol % or more to 60 mol % or less, andH₂: the balance, a temperature of from 850° C. or higher to 920° C. orlower, and a pressure of from 100 hPa or higher to 400 hPa or lower.

A TiCN layer can be formed by chemical vapor deposition with a rawmaterial gas composition of TiCl₄: from 1.0 mol % or more to 8.0 mol %or less, CH₃CN: from 0.5 mol % or more to 2.0 mol % or less, and H₂: thebalance, a temperature of from 850° C. or higher to 930° C. or lower,and a pressure of from 100 hPa or higher to 150 hPa or lower. At thistime, the average particle size of the TiCN layer is easily adjusted soas to fall within a range of from 0.3 μm or more to 1.5 μm or less by,for example, controlling the molar ratio of TiCl₄ to CH₃CN, i.e.,TiCl₄/CH₃CN, so as to be from 4.0 or more to 8.0 or less, andcontrolling the temperature so as to fall within a range of from 850° C.or higher to 920° C. or lower.

A TiCNO layer, being a layer comprised of a Ti carboxynitride, can beformed by chemical vapor deposition with a raw material gas compositionof TiCl₄: from 3.0 mol % or more to 5.0 mol % or less, CO: from 0.4 mol% or more to 1.0 mol % or less, N₂: from 30 mol % or more to 40 mol % orless, and H₂: the balance, a temperature of from 975° C. or higher to1,025° C. or lower, and a pressure of from 90 hPa or higher to 110 hPaor lower.

A TiCO layer, being a layer comprised of a Ti carbonate, can be formedby chemical vapor deposition with a raw material gas composition ofTiCl₄: from 0.5 mol % or more to 1.5 mol % or less, CO: from 2.0 mol %or more to 4.0 mol % or less, and H₂: the balance, a temperature of from975° C. or higher to 1,025° C. or lower, and a pressure of from 60 hPaor higher to 100 hPa or lower.

In the present embodiment, a coated cutting tool which involves thecontrolled orientation (orientation relationship) of an α-type aluminumoxide layer can be obtained by, for example, the method set forth below.

Firstly, one or more layers selected from the group consisting of a TiCNlayer, if necessary, a TiN layer, also if necessary, and theintermediate layer is(are) formed on a surface of a substrate. Next,from among the above layers, a surface of a layer which is most distantfrom the substrate is oxidized. Thereafter, a nucleus of an α-typealuminum oxide layer is formed on the surface of the layer which is mostdistant from the substrate, and an α-type aluminum oxide layer is thenformed in the state in which such nucleus has been formed. Further, asneeded, a TiN layer may be formed on a surface of the α-type aluminumoxide layer.

More specifically, the oxidation of the surface of the layer which ismost distant from the substrate is performed under the conditions of araw material gas composition of CO₂: from 0.1 mol % or more to 1.0 mol %or less, C₃H₆: from 0.05 mol % or more to 0.2 mol % or less, and H₂: thebalance, a temperature of from 970° C. or higher to 1,020° C. or lower,and a pressure of from 50 hPa or higher to 70 hPa or lower. Here, theoxidation time is preferably from 5 minutes or more to 10 minutes orless.

Thereafter, the nucleus of the α-type aluminum oxide layer is formed bychemical vapor deposition with a raw material gas composition of AlCl₃:from 2.0 mol % or more to 5.0 mol % or less, 002: from 2.5 mol % or moreto 4.0 mol % or less, HCl: from 2.0 mol % or more to 3.5 mol % or less,C₃H₆: from 0.05 mol % or more to 0.2 mol % or less, and H₂: the balance,a temperature of from 970° C. or higher to 1,030° C. or lower, and apressure of from 60 hPa or higher to 80 hPa or lower.

The α-type aluminum oxide layer is then formed by chemical vapordeposition with a raw material gas composition of AlCl₃: from 2.0 mol %or more to 5.0 mol % or less, CO₂: from 2.5 mol % or more to 4.0 mol %or less, HCl: from 2.0 mol % or more to 3.0 mol % or less, H₂S: from0.15 mol % or more to 0.25 mol % or less, and H₂: the balance, atemperature of from 970° C. or higher to 1,030° C. or lower, and apressure of from 60 hPa or higher to 80 hPa or lower.

As described above, a surface of the TiN layer, the TiCN layer or theintermediate layer is oxidized, the nucleus of the α-type aluminum oxidelayer is then formed, and the α-type aluminum oxide layer is then formedwith normal conditions, thereby making it possible to obtain an α-typealuminum oxide layer with a texture coefficient TC (2,1,10) of 1.4 ormore. At this time, it is preferable that a surface of a TiCN layer withan average particle size of from 0.3 μm or more to 1.5 μm or less isoxidized, and that a nucleus of an α-type aluminum oxide layer is thenformed thereon, because this indicates the tendency of the texturecoefficient TC (2,1,10) of the α-type aluminum oxide layer to beincreased.

After the formation of the coating layer, dry shot blasting, wet shotblasting or shot peening is performed thereon, and the conditions areadjusted, thereby making it possible to control the residual stressvalue in a (4,2,2) plane of the TiCN layer. For instance, as to theconditions for dry shot blasting, a shot material may be shot onto asurface of the coating layer at a shot velocity of from 50 m/sec or moreto 80 m/sec or less and for a shot time of from 0.5 minutes or more to 3minutes or less so as to achieve a shot angle of from 30° or more to 70°or less. From the perspective of easily controlling the residual stressvalue so as to fall within the above range, the shot material (medium)in dry shot blasting is preferably a material(s) of one or more kinds,each of which has an average particle size of from 100 μm or more to 150μm or less and is(are) selected from the group consisting of Al₂O₃ andZrO₂.

The thickness of each layer in the coating layer of the coated cuttingtool of the present embodiment can be measured by observing across-sectional structure of the coated cutting tool, using an opticalmicroscope, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), an FE-SEM, or thelike. It should be noted that, as to the average thickness of each layerin the coated cutting tool of the present embodiment, such averagethickness can be obtained by: measuring the thickness of each layer atthree or more locations near the position 50 μm from the edge, towardthe center of the rake surface of the coated cutting tool; andcalculating the arithmetic mean of the resulting measurements. Further,the composition of each layer can be measured from a cross-sectionalstructure of the coated cutting tool of the present embodiment, using anenergy-dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDS), a wavelength-dispersiveX-ray spectroscope (WDS) or the like.

EXAMPLES

Although the present invention will be described in further detailbelow, with examples, the present invention is not limited to suchexamples.

A cemented carbide cutting insert with a shape of JIS certifiedCNMA120412 and a composition of 93.1WC-6.400-0.5Cr₃C₂ (mass %) wasprepared as a substrate. The edge of such substrate was subjected toround honing by means of an SiC brush, and a surface of the substratewas then washed.

After the substrate surface was washed, a coating layer was formed bychemical vapor deposition. As to invention samples 1 to 17, firstly, thesubstrate was inserted into an external heating chemical vapordeposition apparatus, and a lowermost layer, whose composition is shownin Table 6, was formed on the substrate surface so as to have theaverage thickness shown in Table 6 under the raw material gascomposition, temperature and pressure conditions shown in Table 1. Then,a TiCN layer, whose composition is shown in Table 6, was formed on thesurface of the lowermost layer so as to have the average thickness shownin Table 6 under the raw material gas composition, temperature andpressure conditions shown in Table 2. Next, an intermediate layer, whosecomposition is shown in Table 6, was formed on the surface of the TiCNlayer so as to have the average thickness shown in Table 6 under the rawmaterial gas composition, temperature and pressure conditions shown inTable 1. Thereafter, a surface of the intermediate layer was oxidizedfor the time shown in Table 3, under the raw material gas composition,temperature and pressure conditions shown in Table 3. Then, a nucleus ofα-type aluminum oxide was formed on the oxidized surface of theintermediate layer under the raw material gas composition, temperatureand pressure conditions concerning the “nucleus formation conditions”shown in Table 4. Further, an α-type aluminum oxide layer, whosecomposition is shown in Table 6, was formed on the surface of theintermediate layer and the surface of the nucleus of α-type aluminumoxide so as to have the average thickness shown in Table 6 under the rawmaterial gas composition, temperature and pressure conditions concerningthe “deposition conditions” shown in Table 4. Lastly, an outermostlayer, whose composition is shown in Table 6, was formed on the surfaceof the α-type aluminum oxide layer so as to have the average thicknessshown in Table 6 under the raw material gas composition, temperature andpressure conditions shown in Table 1. As a result, the coated cuttingtools of invention samples 1 to 17 were obtained.

Meanwhile, as to comparative samples 1 to 14, firstly, the substrate wasinserted into an external heating chemical vapor deposition apparatus,and a lowermost layer, whose composition is shown in Table 6, was formedon the substrate surface so as to have the average thickness shown inTable 6 under the raw material gas composition, temperature and pressureconditions shown in Table 1. Then, a TiCN layer, whose composition isshown in Table 6, was formed on the surface of the lowermost layer so asto have the average thickness shown in Table 6 under the raw materialgas composition, temperature and pressure conditions shown in Table 2.Next, an intermediate layer, whose composition is shown in Table 6, wasformed on the surface of the TiCN layer so as to have the averagethickness shown in Table 6 under the raw material gas composition,temperature and pressure conditions shown in Table 1. Thereafter, thesurface of the intermediate layer was oxidized for the time shown inTable 3, under the raw material gas composition, temperature andpressure conditions shown in Table 3. Then, a nucleus of α-type aluminumoxide was formed on the oxidized surface of the intermediate layer underthe raw material gas composition, temperature and pressure conditionsconcerning the “nucleus formation conditions” shown in Table 5. Further,an α-type aluminum oxide layer, whose composition is shown in Table 6,was formed on the surface of the intermediate layer and the surface ofthe nucleus of α-type aluminum oxide so as to have the average thicknessshown in Table 6 under the raw material gas composition, temperature andpressure conditions concerning the “deposition conditions” shown inTable 5. Lastly, an outermost layer, whose composition is shown in Table6, was formed on the surface of the α-type aluminum oxide layer so as tohave the average thickness shown in Table 6 under the raw material gascomposition, temperature and pressure conditions shown in Table 1. As aresult, the coated cutting tools of comparative samples 1 to 14 wereobtained.

The thickness of each layer of each of the samples was obtained as setforth below. That is, using an FE-SEM, the average thickness wasobtained by: measuring the thickness of each layer, from each of thecross-sectional surfaces at three locations near the position 50 μm fromthe edge of the coated cutting tool, toward the center of the rakesurface thereof; and calculating the arithmetic mean of the resultingmeasurements. Using an EDS, the composition of each layer of theobtained sample was measured from the cross-sectional surface near theposition at most 50 μm from the edge of the coated cutting tool, towardthe center of the rake surface thereof.

TABLE 1 Each layer Temperature Pressure Raw material gas composition (°C.) (hPa) composition (mol %) TiN 900 400 TiCl₄: 7.5%, N₂: 40.0%, H₂:52.5% TiC 1,000 75 TiCl₄: 2.4%, CH₄: 4.6%, H₂: 93.0% TiCNO 1,000 100TiCl₄: 3.5%, CO: 0.7%, N₂: 35.5%, H₂: 60.3% TiCO 1,000 80 TiCl₄: 1.3%,CO: 2.7%, H₂: 96.0%

TABLE 2 Temperature Pressure Raw material gas Sample No. (° C.) (hPa)composition (mol %) Invention 880 100 TiCl₄: 4.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 1H₂: 95.0% Invention 880 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 2 H₂: 93.0%Invention 850 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 3 H₂: 93.0% Invention880 150 TiCl₄: 8.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 4 H₂: 91.0% Invention 880 130TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 5 H₂: 93.0% Invention 930 150 TiCl₄:8.0%, CH₃CN: 2.0%, sample 6 H₂: 90.0% Invention 880 130 TiCl₄: 3.5%,CH₃CN: 0.8%, sample 7 H₂: 95.7% Invention 880 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN:1.5%, sample 8 H₂: 92.5% Invention 920 130 TiCl₄: 8.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%,sample 9 H₂: 91.0% Invention 880 130 TiCl₄: 4.5%, CH₃CN: 1.5%, sample 10H₂: 94.0% Invention 880 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 11 H₂:93.0% Invention 880 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 12 H₂: 93.0%Invention 880 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 13 H₂: 93.0%Invention 880 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 14 H₂: 93.0%Invention 880 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 15 H₂: 93.0%Invention 880 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 16 H₂: 93.0%Invention 880 130 TiCl₄: 4.5%, CH₃CN: 1.5%, sample 17 H₂: 94.0%Comparative 880 130 TiCl₄: 4.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 1 H₂: 95.0%Comparative 880 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 2 H₂: 93.0%Comparative 850 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 3 H₂: 93.0%Comparative 920 130 TiCl₄: 8.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 4 H₂: 91.0%Comparative 880 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 5 H₂: 93.0%Comparative 880 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 6 H₂: 93.0%Comparative 880 130 TiCl₄: 4.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 7 H₂: 95.0%Comparative 880 130 TiCl₄: 4.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 8 H₂: 95.0%Comparative 880 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 9 H₂: 93.0%Comparative 880 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 10 H₂: 93.0%Comparative 880 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 11 H₂: 93.0%Comparative 880 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 12 H₂: 93.0%Comparative 880 130 TiCl₄: 6.0%, CH₃CN: 1.0%, sample 13 H₂: 93.0%Comparative 880 130 TiCl₄: 4.5%, CH₃CN: 1.5%, sample 14 H₂: 94.0%

TABLE 3 Temperature Pressure Raw material gas Hour Sample No. (° C.)(hPa) composition (mol %) (min) Invention 990 60 CO₂: 0.4%, C₃H₆: 0.1%,5 sample 1 H₂: 99.5% Invention 990 70 CO₂: 0.8%, C₃H₆: 0.1%, 6 sample 2H₂: 99.1% Invention 990 70 CO₂: 0.4%, C₃H₆: 0.15%, 8 sample 3 H₂: 99.45%Invention 1,020 70 CO₂: 0.4%, C₃H₆: 0.1%, 9 sample 4 H₂: 99.5% Invention990 60 CO₂: 0.8%, C₃H₆: 0.1%, 7 sample 5 H₂: 99.1% Invention 970 50 CO₂:1.0%, C₃H₆: 0.1%, 6 sample 6 H₂: 98.9% Invention 990 50 CO₂: 0.4%, C₃H₆:0.1%, 6 sample 7 H₂: 99.5% Invention 970 60 CO₂: 0.1%, C₃H₆: 0.1%, 5sample 8 H₂: 99.8% Invention 990 70 CO₂: 0.8%, C₃H₆: 0.1%, 6 sample 9H₂: 99.1% Invention 990 60 CO₂: 0.8%, C₃H₆: 0.1%, 8 sample 10 H₂: 99.1%Invention 1,020 60 CO₂: 0.4%, C₃H₆: 0.2%, 10 sample 11 H₂: 99.4%Invention 990 60 CO₂: 0.4%, C₃H₆: 0.1%, 5 sample 12 H₂: 99.5% Invention990 70 CO₂: 0.4%, C₃H₆: 0.15%, 8 sample 13 H₂: 99.45% Invention 1,020 60CO₂: 0.4%, C₃H₆: 0.2%, 10 sample 14 H₂: 99.4% Invention 990 70 CO₂:0.4%, C₃H₆: 0.15%, 8 sample 15 H₂: 99.45% Invention 990 70 CO₂: 0.4%,C₃H₆: 0.15%, 8 sample 16 H₂: 99.45% Invention 990 70 CO₂: 0.4%, C₃H₆:0.15%, 8 sample 17 H₂: 99.45% Comparative 990 60 CO₂: 0.8%, H₂: 99.2% 5sample 1 Comparative 990 50 CO₂: 0.8%, H₂: 99.2% 7 sample 2 Comparative990 60 CO₂: 0.9%, H₂: 99.1% 5 sample 3 Comparative 990 60 CO₂: 0.1%, H₂:99.9% 10 sample 4 Comparative 990 70 CO₂: 0.4%, H₂: 99.6% 5 sample 5Comparative 990 60 CO₂: 0.3%, C₃H₆: 0.05%, 2 sample 6 H₂: 99.65%Comparative 970 60 CO₂: 0.4%, H₂: 99.6% 5 sample 7 Comparative 990 60CO₂: 0.8%, H₂: 99.2% 6 sample 8 Comparative 990 60 CO₂: 0.8%, H₂: 99.2%5 sample 9 Comparative 1,020 60 CO₂: 0.4%, H₂: 99.6% 8 sample 10Comparative 990 50 CO₂: 0.8%, H₂: 99.2% 7 sample 11 Comparative 990 50CO₂: 0.8%, H₂: 99.2% 7 sample 12 Comparative 990 50 CO₂: 0.8%, H₂: 99.2%7 sample 13 Comparative 990 50 CO₂: 0.8%, H₂: 99.2% 7 sample 14

TABLE 4 Nucleus formation conditions Deposition conditions SampleTemperature Pressure Raw material gas composition Temperature PressureRaw material gas composition No. (° C.) (hPa) (mol %) (° C.) (hPa) (mol%) Invention 990 60 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 3.5%, 990 60 AlCl₃:3.1%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.4%, sample 1 C₃H₆: 0.1%, H₂: 90.9% H₂S: 0.2%,H₂: 91.7% Invention 990 70 AlCl₃: 4.0%, CO₂: 3.5%, HCl: 2.5%, 990 70AlCl₃: 3.5%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.3%, sample 2 C₃H₆: 0.15%, H₂: 89.85% H₂S:0.2%, H₂: 91.4% Invention 990 70 AlCl₃: 4.0%, CO₂: 3.5%, HCl: 2.5%, 99070 AlCl₃: 3.5%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.3%, sample 3 C₃H₆: 0.15%, H₂: 89.85%H₂S: 0.2%, H₂: 91.4% Invention 1,030 70 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.3%, HCl:2.2%, 1,030 70 AlCl₃: 4.8%, CO₂: 2.9%, HCl: 2.0%, sample 4 C₃H₆: 0.2%,H₂: 91.8% H₂S: 0.15%, H₂: 90.15% Invention 990 70 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂:3.0%, HCl: 3.5%, 990 70 AlCl₃: 3.5%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.3%, sample 5C₃H₆: 0.1%, H₂: 90.9% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂: 91.4% Invention 970 70 AlCl₃: 5.0%,CO₂: 2.5%, HCl: 3.4%, 970 70 AlCl₃: 2.0%, CO₂: 3.7%, HCl: 2.5%, sample 6C₃H₆: 0.1%, H₂: 89.0% H₂S: 0.25%, H₂: 91.55% Invention 990 80 AlCl₃:2.5%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 3.5%, 990 80 AlCl₃: 3.1%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.4%,sample 7 C₃H₆: 0.1%, H₂: 90.9% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂: 91.7% Invention 970 60AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 3.5%, 970 60 AlCl₃: 3.1%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl:2.4%, sample 8 C₃H₆: 0.1%, H₂: 90.9% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂: 91.7% Invention 99060 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 3.5%, 990 60 AlCl₃: 3.5%, CO₂: 2.6%,HCl: 2.3%, sample 9 C₃H₆: 0.1%, H₂: 90.9% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂: 91.4% Invention990 70 AlCl₃: 2.0%, CO₂: 3.6%, HCl: 2.3%, 990 70 AlCl₃: 3.5%, CO₂: 2.6%,HCl: 2.3%, sample 10 C₃H₆: 0.1%, H₂: 92.0% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂: 91.4%Invention 1,030 70 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.5%, HCl: 2.0%, 1,030 70 AlCl₃:4.8%, CO₂: 2.9%, HCl: 2.5%, sample 11 C₃H₆: 0.2%, H₂: 91.8% H₂S: 0.15%,H₂: 89.65% Invention 990 60 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 3.5%, 990 60AlCl₃: 3.1%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.4%, sample 12 C₃H₆: 0.1%, H₂: 90.9% H₂S:0.2%, H₂: 91.7% Invention 990 70 AlCl₃: 4.0%, CO₂: 3.5%, HCl: 2.5%, 99070 AlCl₃: 3.5%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.3%, sample 13 C₃H₆: 0.15%, H₂: 89.85%H₂S: 0.2%, H₂: 91.4% Invention 1,030 70 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.5%, HCl:2.0%, 1,030 70 AlCl₃: 4.8%, CO₂: 2.9%, HCl: 2.5%, sample 14 C₃H₆: 0.2%,H₂: 91.8% H₂S: 0.15%, H₂: 89.65% Invention 990 70 AlCl₃: 4.0%, CO₂:3.5%, HCl: 2.5%, 990 70 AlCl₃: 3.5%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.3%, sample 15C₃H₆: 0.15%, H₂: 89.85% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂: 91.4% Invention 990 70 AlCl₃:4.0%, CO₂: 3.5%, HCl: 2.5%, 990 70 AlCl₃: 3.5%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.3%,sample 16 C₃H₆: 0.15%, H₂: 89.85% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂: 91.4% Invention 990 70AlCl₃: 4.0%, CO₂: 3.5%, HCl: 2.5%, 990 70 AlCl₃: 3.5%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl:2.3%, sample 17 C₃H₆: 0.15%, H₂: 89.85% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂: 91.4%

TABLE 5 Nucleus formation conditions Deposition conditions SampleTemperature Pressure Raw material gas composition Temperature PressureRaw material gas composition No. (° C.) (hPa) (mol %) (° C.) (hPa) (mol%) Comparative 990 60 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 3.5%, 990 60 AlCl₃:2.6%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.4%, sample 1 H₂: 91.0% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂: 92.2%Comparative 990 70 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 3.5%, 990 70 AlCl₃:2.6%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.4%, sample 2 H₂: 91.0% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂: 92.2%Comparative 990 70 AlCl₃: 4.0%, CO₂: 3.5%, HCl: 2.5%, 990 70 AlCl₃:2.6%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.4%, sample 3 C₃H₆: 0.15%, H₂: 89.85% H₂S: 0.2%,H₂: 92.2% Comparative 1,030 70 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 3.5%, 1,03070 AlCl₃: 4.8%, CO₂: 2.5%, HCl: 2.7 %, sample 4 H₂: 91.0% H₂S: 0.15%,H₂: 89.85% Comparative 990 70 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 3.5%, 990 70AlCl₃: 3.0%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 2.7%, sample 5 H₂: 91.0% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂:91.1% Comparative 990 70 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.5%, HCl: 2.5%, 990 70AlCl₃: 3.0%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 2.7%, sample 6 C₃H₆: 0.1%, H₂: 91.4% H₂S:0.2%, H₂: 91.1% Comparative 990 80 AlCl₃: 5.0%, CO₂: 2.5%, HCl: 2.5%,990 80 AlCl₃: 2.0%, CO₂: 4.0%, HCl: 2.5%, sample 7 H₂: 90.0% H₂S: 0.25%,H₂: 91.25% Comparative 970 60 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 3.5%, 970 60AlCl₃: 3.0%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 2.7%, sample 8 H₂: 91.0% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂:91.1% Comparative 990 60 AlCl₃: 2.0%, CO₂: 3.5%, HCl: 3.0%, 990 60AlCl₃: 3.0%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 2.7%, sample 9 H₂: 91.5% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂:91.1% Comparative 990 70 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 3.5%, 990 70AlCl₃: 2.6%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.4%, sample 10 H₂: 91.0% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂:92.2% Comparative 990 70 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 3.5%, 990 70AlCl₃: 2.6%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.4%, sample 11 H₂: 91.0% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂:92.2% Comparative 990 70 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 3.5%, 990 70AlCl₃: 2.6%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.4%, sample 12 H₂: 91.0% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂:92.2% Comparative 990 70 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 3.5%, 990 70AlCl₃: 2.6%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.4%, sample 13 H₂: 91.0% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂:92.2% Comparative 990 70 AlCl₃: 2.5%, CO₂: 3.0%, HCl: 3.5%, 990 70AlCl₃: 2.6%, CO₂: 2.6%, HCl: 2.4%, sample 14 H₂: 91.0% H₂S: 0.2%, H₂:92.2%

TABLE 6 Coating layer α-type aluminum Lowermost layer TiCN layerIntermediate layer oxide layer Outermost layer Average Average AverageAverage Average Total Compo- thickness Compo- thickness Compo- thicknessCrystal thickness Compo- thickness thickness Sample No. sition (μm)sition (μm) sition (μm) system (μm) sition (μm) (μm) Invention TiN 0.2TiCN 6.0 TiCO 0.4 α 4.2 TiN 0.2 11.0 sample 1 Invention TiN 0.2 TiCN 2.4TiCNO 0.4 α 12.4 TiN 0.2 15.6 sample 2 Invention TiN 0.4 TiCN 15.0 TiCO0.2 α 2.4 TiN 0.4 18.4 sample 3 Invention TiN 0.4 TiCN 20.0 TiCNO 0.1 α6.2 TiN 0.4 27.1 sample 4 Invention TiN 0.7 TiCN 10.4 TiCNO 0.6 α 7.4TiN 0.4 19.5 sample 5 Invention TiN 0.7 TiCN 7.2 TiCNO 0.6 α 7.4 TiN 0.616.5 sample 6 Invention TiN 1.2 TiCN 7.2 TiCO 0.3 α 10.5 TiN 0.2 19.4sample 7 Invention TiC 1.2 TiCN 9.8 TiCNO 0.8 α 9.6 TiN 0.4 21.8 sample8 Invention TiC 0.3 TiCN 5.0 TiCNO 0.8 α 5.5 TiN 0.2 11.8 sample 9Invention TiN 0.8 TiCN 5.0 TiCNO 1.0 α 14.0 TiN 0.2 21.0 sample 10Invention TiN 0.5 TiCN 3.0 TiCO 0.5 α 3.8 TiN 0.2 8.0 sample 11Invention TiN 0.2 TiCN 5.8 TiCNO 0.3 α 9.0 TiN 0.5 15.8 sample 12Invention TiN 0.2 TiCN 5.8 TiCNO 0.3 α 9.0 TiN 0.5 15.8 sample 13Invention TiN 0.2 TiCN 5.8 TiCNO 0.3 α 9.0 TiN 0.5 15.8 sample 14Invention TiN 0.2 TiCN 11.2 TiCNO 0.3 α 3.8 TiN 0.5 16.0 sample 15Invention TiN 0.2 TiCN 5.8 TiCNO 0.3 α 9.0 TiN 0.5 15.8 sample 16Invention TiN 0.2 TiCN 5.8 TiCNO 0.3 α 9.0 TiN 0.5 15.8 sample 17Comparative TiN 0.2 TiCN 6.0 TiCNO 0.4 α 4.4 TiN 0.2 11.2 sample 1Comparative TiN 0.2 TiCN 5.0 TiCNO 0.4 α 10.4 TiN 0.2 16.2 sample 2Comparative TiC 0.4 TiCN 20.0 TiCNO 0.2 α 2.5 TiN 0.4 23.5 sample 3Comparative TiC 0.4 TiCN 2.4 TiCNO 0.1 α 5.5 TiN 0.4 8.8 sample 4Comparative TiN 0.7 TiCN 5.5 TiCNO 0.2 α 7.2 TiN 0.2 13.8 sample 5Comparative TiN 0.7 TiCN 14.8 TiCNO 0.2 α 6.2 TiN 0.2 22.1 sample 6Comparative TiN 0.3 TiCN 7.0 TiCNO 0.4 α 15.0 TiN 0.6 23.3 sample 7Comparative TiN 0.8 TiCN 9.8 TiCO 0.6 α 9.6 TiN 0.6 21.4 sample 8Comparative TiN 1.2 TiCN 9.6 TiCNO 0.6 α 4.0 TiN 0.4 15.8 sample 9Comparative TiN 1.2 TiCN 5.0 TiCNO 1.0 α 10.0 TiN 0.4 17.6 sample 10Comparative TiN 0.2 TiCN 5.8 TiCNO 0.3 α 9.0 TiN 0.5 15.8 sample 11Comparative TiN 0.2 TiCN 11.2 TiCNO 0.3 α 3.8 TiN 0.5 16.0 sample 12Comparative TiN 0.2 TiCN 5.8 TiCNO 0.3 α 9.0 TiN 0.5 15.8 sample 13Comparative TiN 0.2 TiCN 5.8 TiCNO 0.3 α 9.0 TiN 0.5 15.8 sample 14

As to invention samples 1 to 17 and comparative samples 1 to 14, afterthe formation of the coating layer on the surface of the substrate, dryshot blasting was performed on a surface of the coating layer under theshot conditions shown in Table 7, using the shot material shown in Table7.

TABLE 7 Shot material Average Shot conditions particle Shot Shot Shotsize angle velocity time Sample No. Material (μm) (°) (m/sec) (min)Invention Al₂O₃ 130 50 70 2.5 sample 1 Invention Al₂O₃ 130 50 70 2.5sample 2 Invention ZrO₂ 120 50 70 3.0 sample 3 Invention ZrO₂ 120 70 702.0 sample 4 Invention ZrO₂ 120 70 70 2.0 sample 5 Invention Al₂O₃ 12050 65 1.0 sample 6 Invention Al₂O₃ 120 50 65 1.0 sample 7 InventionAl₂O₃ 120 50 60 1.0 sample 8 Invention Al₂O₃ 100 45 50 1.0 sample 9Invention Al₂O₃ 150 70 70 3.0 sample 10 Invention Al₂O₃ 150 60 80 1.5sample 11 Invention Al₂O₃ 130 50 70 2.5 sample 12 Invention Al₂O₃ 130 5070 2.5 sample 13 Invention Al₂O₃ 130 50 70 2.5 sample 14 Invention Al₂O₃130 50 70 2.5 sample 15 Invention Al₂O₃ 120 50 65 1.0 sample 16Invention Al₂O₃ 130 50 70 2.5 sample 17 Comparative Al₂O₃ 120 45 70 2.5sample 1 Comparative Al₂O₃ 120 45 70 2.5 sample 2 Comparative ZrO₂ 12050 70 3.0 sample 3 Comparative ZrO₂ 120 70 70 2.0 sample 4 ComparativeZrO₂ 120 70 70 2.0 sample 5 Comparative Al₂O₃ 120 50 50 1.0 sample 6Comparative Al₂O₃ 120 50 50 1.0 sample 7 Comparative Al₂O₃ 100 45 50 1.0sample 8 Comparative Al₂O₃ 100 40 50 1.0 sample 9 Comparative Al₂O₃ 8040 50 1.0 sample 10 Comparative Al₂O₃ 130 50 70 2.5 sample 11Comparative Al₂O₃ 130 50 70 2.5 sample 12 Comparative Al₂O₃ 120 50 651.0 sample 13 Comparative Al₂O₃ 130 50 70 2.5 sample 14

As to the obtained samples, an X-ray diffraction measurement by means ofa 2θ/θ focusing optical system with Cu-Kα radiation was performed underthe following conditions: an output: 50 kV, 250 mA; an incident-sidesolar slit: 5°; a divergence longitudinal slit: 2/3°; a divergencelongitudinal limit slit: 5 mm; a scattering slit: 2/3°; alight-receiving side solar slit: 5°; a light-receiving slit: 0.3 mm; aBENT monochromator; a light-receiving monochrome slit: 0.8 mm; asampling width: 0.01°; a scan speed: 4°/min; and a 2θ measurement range:20°-155°. As to the apparatus, an X-ray diffractometer (model “RINT TTRIII”) manufactured by Rigaku Corporation was used. The peak intensityfor each crystal plane of the α-type aluminum oxide layer was obtainedfrom an X-ray diffraction pattern. A texture coefficient TC (2,1,10) inthe α-type aluminum oxide layer was obtained from the resulting peakintensity for each crystal plane. Further, as to the obtained samples,the average particle size of the TiCN layer was obtained via observationof a cross-sectional structure of the TiCN layer. More specifically,mirror polishing was performed on a cross-section in a directionparallel to the surface of the substrate of the sample, and theresulting mirror-polished surface was regarded as a cross-sectionalstructure. When mirror-polishing the TiCN layer, colloidal silica wasused for polishing. Then, the sample was set on an FE-SEM such that across-sectional structure of the TiCN layer was able to be irradiatedwith an electron beam, and the sample was irradiated with an electronbeam under the conditions of an angle of incidence of 70 degrees, anacceleration voltage of 15 kV, and an irradiation current of 0.5 nA. Atthis time, measurement was performed under the EBSD settings of ameasurement range of 30 μm×50 μm and a step size of 0.1 μm. An areasurrounded by a structure boundary with a misorientation of 5 degrees ormore was regarded as a particle, and the diameter of a circle whose areawas equal to the area of a particle was regarded as a particle size ofsuch particle. At this time, a particle size was obtained from thecross-sectional structure of the TiCN layer, using image analysissoftware. The particle sizes in the TiCN layer in the above measurementwere measured, and the average value (arithmetic mean) of all theobtained particle sizes was regarded as an average particle size. Theresults are shown in Table 8.

TABLE 8 α-type TiCN layer aluminum Average oxide layer particle sizeSample No. TC (2, 1, 10) (μm) Invention 4.2 1.0 sample 1 Invention 5.10.8 sample 2 Invention 5.2 0.5 sample 3 Invention 6.0 0.6 sample 4Invention 5.2 0.8 sample 5 Invention 2.8 1.6 sample 6 Invention 4.4 0.9sample 7 Invention 1.6 1.1 sample 8 Invention 5.2 1.4 sample 9 Invention5.3 1.5 sample 10 Invention 7.0 0.8 sample 11 Invention 4.2 0.8 sample12 Invention 5.2 0.8 sample 13 Invention 7.0 0.8 sample 14 Invention 5.20.8 sample 15 Invention 5.2 0.8 sample 16 Invention 5.2 1.5 sample 17Comparative 0.2 1.0 sample 1 Comparative 0.2 0.8 sample 2 Comparative0.7 0.5 sample 3 Comparative 0.4 1.4 sample 4 Comparative 0.3 0.8 sample5 Comparative 1.1 0.8 sample 6 Comparative 0.1 1.0 sample 7 Comparative0.4 1.0 sample 8 Comparative 0.2 0.8 sample 9 Comparative 0.5 0.8 sample10 Comparative 0.2 0.8 sample 11 Comparative 0.2 0.8 sample 12Comparative 0.2 0.8 sample 13 Comparative 0.2 1.5 sample 14

The residual stress value of the α-type aluminum oxide layer in each ofthe obtained samples was measured by a sin²φ method using an X-raystress measuring apparatus (model “RINT TTR III” manufactured by RigakuCorporation). The measurement results are shown in Table 9.

TABLE 9 α-type aluminum oxide layer Residual stress value whenmeasurement was performed with the selection of a (1, 1, 6) plane SampleNo. (MPa) Invention −246 sample 1 Invention −235 sample 2 Invention −298sample 3 Invention −102 sample 4 Invention −96 sample 5 Invention 165sample 6 Invention 174 sample 7 Invention 288 sample 8 Invention 292sample 9 Invention −408 sample 10 Invention 55 sample 11 Invention −240sample 12 Invention −240 sample 13 Invention −240 sample 14 Invention−240 sample 15 Invention 165 sample 16 Invention −240 sample 17Comparative −233 sample 1 Comparative −238 sample 2 Comparative −306sample 3 Comparative −108 sample 4 Comparative −92 sample 5 Comparative144 sample 6 Comparative 152 sample 7 Comparative 300 sample 8Comparative 288 sample 9 Comparative 360 sample 10 Comparative −240sample 11 Comparative −240 sample 12 Comparative 165 sample 13Comparative −240 sample 14

Cutting tests 1 and 2 were conducted using the obtained samples underthe following conditions. Cutting test 1 is a wear test for evaluatingwear resistance, and cutting test 2 is a fracture test for evaluatingfracture resistance. The results of the respective cutting tests areshown in Table 10.

[Cutting Test 1]

Workpiece material: S45C round bar

Cutting speed: 320 m/min

Feed: 0.25 mm/rev

Depth of cut: 2.0 mm

Coolant: used

Evaluation items: A time when a sample was fractured or had a maximumflank wear width of 0.2 mm was defined as the end of the tool life, andthe machining time to reach the end of the tool life was measured.

[Cutting Test 2]

Workpiece material: SCM415 round bar with two equidistant groovesextending in the length direction

Cutting speed: 260 m/min

Feed: 0.35 mm/rev

Depth of cut: 1.5 mm

Coolant: used

Evaluation items: A time when a sample was fractured was defined as theend of the tool life, and the number of shocks the sample had receiveduntil the end of the tool life was measured. The number of times thesample and the workpiece material were brought into contact with eachother was defined as the number of shocks, and the test was ended whenthe number of contacts reached 20,000 at a maximum. In other words, thenumber “20,000” for the tool life indicates that the end of the toollife was not reached even after the arrival of 20,000 shocks. It shouldbe noted that, as to each sample, five inserts were prepared and thenumber of shocks was measured for each of such cutting inserts, and thearithmetic mean was obtained from the measurements of the number ofshocks so as to serve as the tool life.

As to the machining time to reach the end of the tool life in cuttingtest 1 (wear test), evaluations were made with grade “A” for 25 minutesor more, grade “B” for 20 minutes or more and less than 25 minutes, andgrade “C” for less than 25 minutes. Further, as to the number of shocksuntil the end of the tool life in cutting test 2 (fracture test),evaluations were made with grade “A” for 15,000 or more, grade “B” for12,000 or more and less than 15,000, and grade “C” for less than 12,000.In such evaluations, “A” refers to excellent, “B” refers to good and “C”refers to inferior, meaning that a sample involving a larger number of“A”s or “B”s has more excellent cutting performance. The resultingevaluation results are shown in Table 10.

TABLE 10 Wear test Tool Fracture test life Damage Tool life Sample No.(min) Grade form (shocks) Grade Invention 21 B Normal 20,000 A sample 1wear Invention 27 A Normal 18,300 A sample 2 wear Invention 30 A Normal20,000 A sample 3 wear Invention 42 A Normal 16,000 A sample 4 wearInvention 32 A Normal 18,900 A sample 5 wear Invention 24 B Normal15,700 A sample 6 wear Invention 30 A Normal 15,500 A sample 7 wearInvention 29 A Normal 15,000 A sample 8 wear Invention 22 B Normal16,500 A sample 9 wear Invention 34 A Normal 17,600 A sample 10 wearInvention 21 B Normal 18,200 A sample 11 wear Invention 24 B Normal17,900 A sample 12 wear Invention 27 A Normal 19,200 A sample 13 wearInvention 33 A Normal 20,000 A sample 14 wear Invention 21 B Normal18,500 A sample 15 wear Invention 28 A Normal 15,400 A sample 16 wearInvention 24 B Normal 19,600 A sample 17 wear Comparative 14 C Normal14,900 B sample 1 wear Comparative 17 C Normal 14,400 B sample 2 wearComparative 19 C Normal 13,200 B sample 3 wear Comparative 11 C Normal13,900 B sample 4 wear Comparative 17 C Normal 13,500 B sample 5 wearComparative 21 B Normal 10,500 C sample 6 wear Comparative 19 C Normal9,600 C sample 7 wear Comparative 18 C Fracturing 5,200 C sample 8Comparative 18 C Normal 7,400 C sample 9 wear Comparative 22 BFracturing 7,900 C sample 10 Comparative 15 C Normal 13,800 B sample 11wear Comparative 13 C Normal 13,200 B sample 12 wear Comparative 12 CFracturing 8,600 C sample 13 Comparative 13 C Normal 14,100 B sample 14wear

The results of Table 10 show that each invention sample had grade “B” orhigher in the wear test and also show that each invention sample hadgrade “A” in the fracture test. Meanwhile, as to the evaluations on thecomparative samples, each comparative sample had grade “C” in either thewear test or the fracture test. Further, in the fracture test, each ofthe samples of coated cutting tools was subjected to visual observationsevery 3,000 shocks, and as a result, it was confirmed that any of thesamples which were fractured involved the occurrence of cracking beforethe fracturing. It was further confirmed that a sample for which theoccurrence of cracking was observed in an earlier stage reached the endof its tool life earlier. Such occurrence of cracking can be consideredto derive from the thermal shock caused by the use of coolant inhigh-speed cutting.

It is apparent from the above results that each invention sample hasexcellent wear resistance and fracture resistance, resulting in a longertool life.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

As to a coated cutting tool according to the present invention, suchcoated cutting tool does not involve a reduction in wear resistance andhas excellent thermal shock resistance, so that the tool life can beextended more than that involved in the prior art, and, from suchperspective, the coated cutting tool has industrial applicability.

What is claimed is:
 1. A coated cutting tool comprising a substrate anda coating layer formed on a surface of the substrate, the coating layerincluding at least one α-type aluminum oxide layer, wherein, in theα-type aluminum oxide layer, a texture coefficient TC (2,1,10) of a(2,1,10) plane represented by formula (1) below is 1.4 or more,$\begin{matrix}{{{TC}( {2,1,10} )} = {\frac{I( {2,1,10} )}{I_{0}( {2,1,10} )}\;\{ {\frac{1}{8}{\sum\frac{I( {h,k,l} )}{I_{0}( {h,k,l} )}}} \}^{- 1}}} & (1)\end{matrix}$ in formula (1), I (h,k,l) denotes a peak intensity for an(h,k,l) plane in X-ray diffraction of the α-type aluminum oxide layer,I₀ (h,k,l) denotes a standard diffraction intensity for an (h,k,l) planewhich is indicated on a JCPDS Card No. 10-0173 for α-type aluminumoxide, and (h,k,l) refers to eight crystal planes of (0,1,2), (1,0,4),(1,1,0), (1,1,3), (0,2,4), (1,1,6), (2,1,4) and (2,1,10), the coatinglayer comprises a TiCN layer between the substrate and the α-typealuminum oxide layer, and an average particle size of the TiCN layer isfrom 0.3 μm or more to 1.5 μm or less, and between the TiCN layer andthe α-type aluminum oxide layer, an intermediate layer comprised of acompound of at least one kind selected from the group consisting of a Ticarbonate, a Ti oxynitride and a Ti carboxynitride, a residual stressvalue in a (1,1,6) plane of the α-type aluminum oxide layer is, in atleast part thereof, from −250 MPa or higher to 250 MPa or lower, and anaverage thickness of the α-type aluminum oxide layer is from 1.0 μm ormore to 15.0 μm or less.
 2. The coated cutting tool according to claim1, wherein, in the α-type aluminum oxide layer, the texture coefficientTC (2,1,10) is from 2.0 or more to 6.9 or less.
 3. The coated cuttingtool according to claim 1, wherein an average thickness of the TiCNlayer is from 2.0 μm or more to 20.0 μm or less.
 4. The coated cuttingtool according to claim 1, wherein an average thickness of the coatinglayer is from 3.0 μm or more to 30.0 μm or less.
 5. The coated cuttingtool according to claim 1, wherein the coating layer comprises a TiNlayer as an outermost layer on a side opposite to the substrate.
 6. Thecoated cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the substrate iscomprised of any of a cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics and a sinteredbody containing cubic boron nitride.
 7. The coated cutting toolaccording to claim 1, wherein an average thickness of the TiCN layer isfrom 2.0 μm or more to 20.0 μm or less.
 8. The coated cutting toolaccording to claim 2, wherein an average thickness of the coating layeris from 3.0 μm or more to 30.0 μm or less.